As the world of skincare continues to evolve and expand, so do the terminologies associated with it. From active ingredients to types of skincare products and treatments, there is a lot to learn about skincare terminology. Understanding these terms can help you make informed decisions about the products you use on your skin, and ultimately lead to healthier, more radiant skin. We shall be looking at some of the most common skincare terminologies, including retinoids, antioxidants, exfoliants, and peptides.
Retinoids
Retinoids are a group of vitamin A derivatives that have been clinically proven to improve fine lines and hyperpigmentation. These compounds work by increasing cell turnover and collagen production in the skin, which leads to a smoother, more youthful complexion. Retinoids are available in both prescription and over-the-counter formulations and can be found in products like creams, serums, and oils. One of the most well-known retinoids is tretinoin, which is available only by prescription. Tretinoin is a potent retinoid that is used to treat acne. It is often prescribed in combination with other acne medications like benzoyl peroxide and clindamycin. Over-the-counter retinoids, on the other hand, are available in varying strengths and formulations. Some common examples include retinol, adapalene, and retinaldehyde. Retinol is the most widely used over-the-counter retinoid and is available in a range of concentrations. It is less potent than tretinoin but still effective in keeping premature aging at bay.
Antioxidants
Antioxidants are compounds that defend your skin against damage. Free radicals are unstable molecules that are produced by environmental factors like UV radiation, pollution, and cigarette smoke. When these free radicals come into contact with the skin, they can cause damage to the skin cells and cause wrinkling and dark spots. Antioxidants work by neutralizing these free radicals and preventing them from causing further damage to the skin. They are found in serums, creams, and oils. Some common antioxidants used in skincare include vitamin C, vitamin E, ferulic acid, and green tea extract. Vitamin C is one of the most popular antioxidants used in skincare. It brightens the skin and reduce dark spots. Vitamin C is also effective in boosting collagen production in the skin, which leads to a firmer, more youthful complexion. Vitamin E is another popular antioxidant used in skincare. It works by protecting the skin from UV radiation damage and other environmental factors. Vitamin E is also effective in moisturizing the skin and keeping skin radiant and youthful.
Exfoliants
Exfoliants are products that help remove dead skin cells from the surface of the skin. Dead skin cells can build up on the skin, leading to a dull, uneven complexion. Exfoliants work by gently sloughing off these dead skin cells, revealing brighter, smoother skin underneath.
There are two main types of exfoliants: physical and chemical. Physical exfoliants work by physically scrubbing away dead skin cells using ingredients like sugar, salt, or microbeads. Chemical exfoliants, on the other hand, use acids like alpha-hydroxy acids (AHAs) and beta-hydroxy acids (BHAs) to dissolve dead skin cells. AHAs are water-soluble acids that work by dissolving the bonds between dead skin cells, allowing them to be easily sloughed off.
